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Risk Factors
Preventative steps can help you avoid esophageal cancer. These include eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight and limiting smoking and alcohol use.But it is important to be aware of risk factors that can increase your chances of getting esophageal cancer, which include:

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (acid reflux)
• Barrett's esophagus
• Obesity
• Achalasia (condition where the muscle at the lower end of the esophagus does not relax properly)
• Plummer-Vinson syndrome
• Workplace exposures
• Injury to the esophagus
• History of other cancers
• HPV (human papilloma virus)

Symptoms
Be on the lookout for any of the following, especially if you are in a high risk group:

• Chest pain and trouble swallowing
• Weight loss
• Chronic cough and hoarseness
• Vomiting
• Hiccups
• Pneumonia
• Bone pain
• Bleeding into the esophagus